Arkansas Constitution

The Arkansas Constitution is the governing document of the U.S. state of Arkansas. It was first adopted in 1874, shortly after the Brooks-Baxter War; these two events together marked the end of Reconstruction in Arkansas, two years before the disputed 1876 presidential election ended it completely.

1st (1836-1864) [Adopted: 30 January 1836 Convention convened, 4 January 1836, Ratified: 30 January 1836 not submitted to the People; effective upon Admission, 15 June 1836

2nd (1864-1868) [Adopted: 19 January 1864 adopted by Mass Meeting assembled 4 January 1864, Ratified: 14 March 1864 ratified by vote of 12,177 to 266]

3rd (1868-1874) [Adopted: 11 February 1868 Convention convened, 7 January 1868, Ratified: 13 March 1868 ratified by vote of 27,913 to 26,597]

4th (1874--) [Adopted: 7 September 1874 Convention convened, 14 July 1874, Ratified: 13 October 1874]

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The Brooks-Baxter War was an 1874 political struggle in the United States between the Republican Party, nicknamed "The Minstrels", and the Liberal Republican Party, nicknamed "The Brindle Tails", over the governor's office of Arkansas.

The struggle began with a coup d'état—the physical removal of the sitting governor—and escalated to armed conflict. The ensuing events were complex political affairs with shifting allegiances. Eventually the intervention of President Ulysses S. Grant was necessary to settle the conflict.

The war's conclusion marked an early end to Reconstruction in Arkansas. It was also responsible to some degree for the dominance of the Democratic Party in Arkansas for the next 96 years, although the same trend occurred throughout the South in the same period.

Under Section 1 of Article 5, ten percent of legal voters may propose an amendment by initiative, requiring majority approval of the voters. The proposed amendment must be filed with the Arkansas Secretary of State not less than four months before the election, and 30 days prior to the election the petitioners (at their own expense) must publish the amendment "in some paper of general circulation". Unlike with legislative amendments, there are no limits on the number of amendments by initiative that may be proposed on any one ballot.

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The Brooks-Baxter War

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